Aristotle, the towering figure of ancient Greek philosophy, made enduring contributions to a wide array of disciplines, including logic, ethics, metaphysics, politics, and natural sciences. His systematic approach to knowledge laid the foundation for Western thought and continues to influence philosophical inquiry to this day.
"...happiness does not consist in amusement. In fact, it would be strange if our end were amusement, and if we were to labor and suffer hardships all our life long merely to amuse ourselves.... The happy life is regarded as a life in conformity with virtue. It is a life which involves effort and is not spent in amusement."
"For as the eyes of bats are to the blaze of day, so is the reason in our soul to the things which are by nature most evident of all."
"Comedy aims at representing men as worse, Tragedy as better than in actual life."
"It is absurd to hold that a man should be ashamed of an inability to defend himself with his limbs, but not ashamed of an inability to defend himself with speech and reason; for the use of rational speech is more distinctive of a human being than the use of his limbs."
"Excellence, then, is a state concerned with choice, lying in a mean, relative to us, this being determined by reason and in the way in which the man of practical wisdom would determine it."
"The happy life is thought to be one of excellence; now an excellent life requires exertion, and does not consist in amusement. If Eudaimonia, or happiness, is activity in accordance with excellence, it is reasonable that it should be in accordance with the highest excellence; and this will be that of the best thing in us."
"Life in accordance with intellect is best and pleasantest, since this, more than anything else, constitutes humanity."
"My best friend is the man who in wishing me well wishes it for my sake."
"The greatest thing by far is to be a master of metaphor; it is the one thing that cannot be learnt from others; and it is also a sign of genius, since a good metaphor implies an intuitive perception of the similarity in the dissimilar."
"Rhetoric may be defined as the faculty of observing in any given case the available means of persuasion. This is not a function of any other art."
"With respect to the requirement of art, the probable impossible is always preferable to the improbable possible."
"I have gained this by philosophy. I do without being ordered what some are constrained to do by their fear of the law."
"It is not once nor twice but times without number that the same ideas make their appearance in the world."
"For though we love both the truth and our friends, piety requires us to honor the truth first."
"Equity bids us be merciful to the weakness of human nature; to think less about the laws than about the man who framed them, and less about what he said than about what he meant; not to consider the actions of the accused so much as his intentions; nor this or that detail so much as the whole story; to ask not what a man is now but what he has always or usually been."
"We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act, but a habit."
"Probable impossibilities are to be preferred to improbable possibilities."
"What the statesman is most anxious to produce is a certain moral character in his fellow citizens, namely a disposition to virtue and the performance of virtuous actions."
"All human actions have one or more of these seven causes: chance, nature, compulsions, habit, reason, passion, desire."
