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Marie Louise was an Austrian archduchess who became the second wife of Napoleon Bonaparte and Empress of the French. Following Napoleon's abdication, she returned to Austria and was given the title Duchess of Parma. Marie Louise's marriage to Napoleon was part of a political alliance between Austria and France, and she bore him a son, Napoleon II, who was briefly declared Emperor of the French. Her life was marked by her complex position as both a member of the Habsburg dynasty and the Bonaparte family, navigating the tumultuous political landscape of Europe during the Napoleonic Wars.

"In a few generations more, there will probably be no room at all allowed for animals on the earth: no need of them, no toleration of them."



"I am convinced that our movement will be more demoralized and weakened by blind and uncritical admiration than by frank admission of past mistakes."


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