Arthur Seyss Inquart, the Austrian politician, was a leading figure in the Nazi regime during World War II, serving as Chancellor of Austria and later as Reich Commissioner of the Netherlands. As a key architect of Nazi occupation policies, Seyss Inquart was responsible for the persecution and deportation of Jews and other minority groups in occupied territories, earning him a reputation as a ruthless collaborator and war criminal. After the war, he was tried and convicted of crimes against humanity and sentenced to death by hanging.